There is a terrific vacation spot in Mexico that falls into this category by the name of Puerto Penasco, or as people North of the border call it, Rocky Point.

One of the main reasons it is so little known is that, unless you have a private jet, the only way you can access Rocky Point is via automobile through the border entrance in tiny Lukeville, Arizona. Once in Mexico, a short drive through the town of Sonoita, Sonora, will lead you to a four lane highway that, sixty miles later, leads directly into Rocky Point.

It seems that most tourists that visit Rocky Point are from Arizona or southern California, not surprising since driving is the only affordable way to get there. The town is nestled on the shores of the Sea of Cortez, and attracts thousands every year to its beautiful beaches.

The development boom hit the town beginning in the early to mid-90s. Before then, there were a few hotels, mostly in the urban center of town. At that point Rocky Point mainly attracted people with RVs who would pull them into town and park and camp right on the beach. Some adventurous types would do the same thing without an RV – they would simply fall asleep in the back seats of their cars – a nice weekend on the beach was worth the hassle of the sleeping arrangements.

Nowadays there are many resort hotels along the beaches offering just about any amenity you could think of. Although that means there is less beach space to camp on, a few RVers are still able find spots right on the water like before.

Rocky Point also attracts people who want to ride their ATVs, or “quads.” The sand dunes northwest of town near Cholla Bay are some of the most challenging on the North American continent.

Even if sand dunes aren’t your thing, the section of town called Cholla Bay is a sight to be seen. Settled by expatriate Americans, Cholla Bay features homes and cottages, small grocery stores, and restaurants and bars. There is even an outdoor cantina along the Cholla lagoon that seems like something out of a Hemingway novel.

Swimming, scuba diving, fishing, and even whale watching are all at your disposal in Rocky Point. If you live in the Southwest U.S. or southern California you should add Puerto Penasco to your list of vacation spots for a truly unique experience.

It’s late in the afternoon. The water is dark and an especially large amount of plankton reduces the underwater visibility to a minimum. Some time ago it occurred to me that with such poor underwater visibility I could probably forget about the object of my visit, to take underwater photos of the Great White Shark.

Like many previous occasions, I am sitting at the boat’s stern between the two 80 HP outboard engines, the camera levelled. Through the viewfinder I am watching the neoprene seal-dummy which our little boat is pulling behind it on a fishing line. I support my arms on my knees, to ease my tense muscles. In the past I have often had to remain in this position from the early afternoon until sunset, through heavy swell, rain and storms, just to take the picture of my dreams – a breaching white shark, leaping for prey. Until now, all my efforts have been in vain.

Dyer Island is located six nautical miles off the coast of Gansbaai (170 kilometres south-east of Cape Town), on the opposite side of which is the small island known as Geyser Rock which is home to an estimated 60,000 South African Fur Seals (Arctocephalus pusillus). As long as the seals stay ashore, they are safe. But when they leave for the open sea to catch fish, they have to negotiate a dangerous shark-infested channel between the islands called “shark alley” which, not surprisingly, is reputed to the best place in the world to watch white sharks.

The sharks patrol mercilessly here, and there is no way to escape them. The seals run the same gauntlet when they return to the island, and those swimming alone, and very young seals swimming close to the surface, face the greatest threat.

This is the scenario we have attempted to reconstruct in this case, with the hope of luring a white shark to reveal itself to the camera. For hours I have been keeping my lens pointing at Koekie, the artificial neoprene seal bobbing along behind the boat. Suddenly, a huge and very heavy body is rocketing out of the water like a torpedo. It has “Koekie” in its mouth. Everything happens in a split second.

It’s a precise attack with a fatally perfect timing.

Every single square centimetre of this exquisite creature is vibrating energy. An unforgettable sight. The incredible dynamic of the leap is captured in the picture.

The great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) has been around for at least 3.5 million years, but now it is acutely threatened by extinction. It remains to be seen whether the species is already “genetically extinct” – in other words there are so few individuals left that the survivors are genetically very similar to one another and are less likely to be able to withstand other insults that nature can throw at them. The number of sharks, of all kinds, caught every year is estimated at 100 million. Half of it is ‘bycatch’, which is thrown away. With this overfishing the shark population is irreparably damaged. Due to the decimation in their numbers, which has lasted for decades, and their low reproduction rate, the prospects for the great white shark do not look good.

I’d like to focus my efforts on helping the sharks because they are really under threat now. The increase in wealth of the Chinese people is of course great for them but conversely it’s not good news for the sharks because shark’s fin soup is a Chinese delicacy that is becoming more affordable as those people become richer. So there is a thriving and growing export trade of shark’s fins to the Far East. The worst thing is that the sharks are caught, their fins removed and they are thrown back into the sea alive to only die a terrible death. No animal should be subjected to that. So through my work I’m trying to draw attention to this to stop it. Otherwise in in few years some species could be extinct.

Refer to Dive with sharks for more information.

Liveaboards and shore based diving from the mainland and the array of satellite islands around Thailand offer plenty of marine life and corals plus a few good wrecks.

Dotted with coral reefs as well as deeper offshore pinnacles, it’s not hard to understand Thailand’s popularity among backpackers and members of the dive community alike. Sheltered sandy bays supply the perfect depths for learner divers, while the more adventurously inclined can visit deeper sites and perhaps even succeed in the diver’s dream of seeing a whale shark or two.

The newly sunk HTMS Khram shipwreck is found just south of Koh Phi and has quickly become popular among local divers. A large amount of marine life has already been attracted to this wreck in a relatively short time.

The Samae San / Sattahip area benefits from similar diving conditions, with the extra attraction of two large intact shipwrecks. The Petchburi Bremen is an old freighter sunk in 60 feet of water in the Khram Channel (Sattahip). It acts as home to many Grouper and Barracuda. The Hardeep is a cargo ship sunk in 28 meters during the World War II era. This ship is completely intact, and can be dived from bow to stern entirely inside!!

With a large hole ripped through her belly the King Cruiser went down in less than 60 minutes and supplied the Phuket Diving community, at long last, with her own artificial reef. At 25 meters you’ll see the engine room and car deck. Returning to 60 meters you’ll find the passenger section which has the heads, bar and lots of tables and chairs. Even having a low ceiling it is considered relatively safe to penetrate as the doors are broken off.

At 15 meters you’ll see the captain’s cabin and wheel house. The reef is flooded with life and its closeness to Shark Point and Anemone Reef has undoubtedly had a lot to do with its sudden population growth. The wreck is an extremely well liked dive and thought of as one of the best in region.

In Shark Island depths range from 60 feet and above at the southern tip to the surface and at the deeper depths you may find Leopard and Reef Sharks. At the shallow end you will see pretty gardens of vividly colourful corals and anemones and at high tide it is even possible to cross from one side of the southern island to the other. This site supplies a huge variety of fish including the Blue Ringed Angel, Long Fin Banner, and if you are lucky the odd resident Hawksbill Turtle.

But it is important not to choose just any shark cage dive operator; first do your research and consider the following few things:

• Find out how long the shark diving operator has been in business. The longer they have been taking people out shark cage diving, the more you can be assured that they are equipped to handle any type of emergency that might occur out on the ocean.

• Research what the company’s reputation is like. The best way to go about this is to Google the company and find out what their Internet presence is like as well as the content they provide about shark cage diving. Do they have a habit of cancelling appointments or has there even been reported a mishap?

• Where are they located and if something might happen, find out if they are close to help. Luckily, what makes shark cage diving in Cape Town so popular all round the world is because of its accessibility and close proximity to land. Most of the shark cage diving operators in Cape Town are situated close and amongst a lot of activity.

• Enquire what kind of equipment they use. Most of the operators will have a boat and a cage, but you need to find how big the cages are, how old they are and what kind of amenities they offer on board of the boat. Are their wetsuits of good quality and do they offer enough wet suits for your size party?

• Find out what are the terms and conditions concerning photography on board. Some shark diving operators will handle the photography on behalf of the passengers, whereas other operators provide a spot where you can take photos. Enquire if you are allowed to take your own underwater camera with you when going into the cage.

• Research the rates of shark cage diving operators, that way you can determine if they are affordable and competitive in relation to the rest of the industry. Most shark cage diving trips averagely cost R1300 per person.

Once you have taken the above into account, done your research and selected a shark cage diving operator, you’re ready to go. Know that the shark cage diving operators know exactly where to go and how to safely attract the sharks to the boat. The only thing you have to do is to listen to the instructions given upon arrival and on the boat.

Also, before any divers go out on the ocean, they undergo a basic training programme teaching you how to work the breathing apparatus and some basic information on shark behaviour. Make sure you understand everything before going into the water into the cage.

Renowned for its unique and fearless wildlife, the Galapagos are popular amongst natural historians, both professional and amateur. Giant tortoises, sea lions, penguins, marine iguanas and different bird species can all be seen and approached. The landscape of the islands is relatively barren and volcanic, but beautiful nonetheless.

The islands average about 60,000 visitors per year and there are strict controls on tourist access which are maintained in an effort to protect the natural habitats. To this end, all visitors must be accompanied by a national park-certified naturalist tour guide.

For divers, one of the best ways to get in the most diving while visiting the Galapagos, is to do it from a live-aboard dive boat. The problem is that many focus so completely on the diving that no time at all is set aside for viewing the incredible wildlife on land.

One company that provides for both is the Aggressor Fleet. The Galapagos Aggressors I & II have been operating as the premier live-aboard dive yachts in the Galapagos Islands since 1993. These yachts were custom designed, built and equipped to offer a safe and luxury dive operation.

Aggressor was the first live-aboard dive company to offer a permanent itinerary that offers a dive program combined with land visits. They were granted a specific permit for this combined program by the Park authorities in 1994.

Their week-long trips run from Thursday to Thursday, with diving beginning on Friday and ending Wednesday morning. On-board there are multi-lingual guides with in-depth knowledge of these volcanic islands. Three islands will be explored through land tours during the week, plus snorkeling and bird watching excursions are conducted between dives. The trips include thrilling shark dives at remote Wolf and Darwin Islands.

Another company to consider is Peter Hughes Diving’s Dancer Fleet.

The M/V Sky Dancer also offers week-long trips that cruise the Galapagos Islands in search of sea lions, penguins, schooling hammerhead sharks, turtles, stingrays, whale sharks and the magnificent mantas. Included in planned itineraries are visits to the very remote islands of Wolf and Darwin.

The luxuriously constructed Sky Dancer yacht features all the Dancer Fleet amenities including Nitrox fills, private en-suite facilities, spacious lounge areas, fine dining and more.

Sky Dancer is owned by Ecoventura, an Ecuadorian corporation, that was one of the first recipients of the SmartVoyager seal of approval for their entire operation in Galapagos.

Potential visitors should note that the majority of live-aboard diving boats’ licenses have been revoked by the Galapagos National Park director. Currently the yachts mentioned here are the only boats approved for live aboard diving cruises.

To this end they fund scientific field research and provide ways for regular folks – like non-scientists, to act as volunteers on projects around the world. Besides traveling to exotic locations, you get the opportunity to participate in these projects and maybe even learn a thing or two.

There are expeditions to a variety of locations, and depending on your interest will hold differing appeals. The ones I like are those involving the oceans and opportunities to dive as part of the work.

Below are some sample locations and a brief synopsis of what volunteers can expect:

First are the Coral Reefs of Thailand:

In the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea, Thailand’s coral reefs are some of the most magnificent and diverse ecosystems on Earth. Like many of the world’s reef systems, Thailand’s reefs are facing the pressures of overfishing and destructive fishing practices, as well as the threats posed by global warming and coral diseases. Scientists from Reef Check are joining forces with Earthwatch to survey Thailand’s resplendent coral reefs and monitor the effects of marine protected areas as well as recovery from the 2004 tsunami. With this information, agencies and local communities can better manage and conserve these beautiful reefs.

Perhaps the south Pacific is more to your liking. Here’s a chance to spend a couple weeks Diving the WWII Wrecks of Truk Lagoon:

Now part of the Federated States of Micronesia — Truk (a.k.a. Chuuk) was an Imperial Japanese Navy base during World War II. Considered second only to Pearl Harbor in strength, the U.S. saw this base as a major threat and in February 1944 began Operation Hailstone, a 2-day intense aerial bombing campaign that continued in various forms until the war’s end. More than 50 naval and merchant ships were sunk in Truk Lagoon, along with up to 100 aircraft, with many intact, having been protected by the surrounding barrier reef. Maritime archaeologist Bill Jeffery, materials scientist Dr. Ian Macleod, and marine ecologist Maria Beger aim to document and help protect Truk Lagoon’s rich historic and biological heritage.

Or maybe the Belize Regional Initiative:

Be part of a collaborative effort to conserve an entire ecosystem. Based on remote islands scattered along the world’s second largest barrier reef, our Belize projects offer snorkeling, diving, and shore-based experiences. Surrounded by one of Earth’s largest barrier reefs, Belize is becoming a popular destination. But despite the designation of its waters as protected Marine Reserves, coastal development, overfishing, and tourism threaten the biodiversity of this tiny nation. We offer the chance to study and protect the life that depends on this reef. Whether your team is based at our remote Living Reef Center or at a beachside hotel, you can experience Belize in a unique way and be part of a group of projects working to help this country strike a balance between economic growth and ecosystem health.

Volunteers are responsible for the cost of getting to the assignment location plus a contribution amount that covers meals and lodging, plus other associated costs. This expense is far less than a typical vacation in the same area, and there is usually enough free time to check out the locale. Learn more about Earthwatch Institute and upcoming projects here.

At over 40 miles across, the “lagoon” within this oceanic atoll is actually huge, and even though parts of it reach depths of 300’, the majority of wrecks lie on shallower reefs. Divers also enjoy surface conditions that are usually calm, year-round warm water temperatures, 50’ – 100’ visibility, and lack of strong currents.

One might think of Truk Lagoon as Japans Pearl Harbor. At it’s zenith, the Japanese Imperial Fleet based here numbered over 1000 ships and support vessels, along with many hundreds of aircraft. But in early 1944, to neutralize this threat, the U.S. Navy commenced “Operation Hailstone” which destroyed the base and sunk more than 50 ships and 100 airplanes.

For over 60 years, the ships and planes downed here have served as graveyards for thousands of Japanese who died during the war and they are respected as such. The government of Micronesia has declared Truk Lagoon a national monument and it is protected by law. Any disturbing of remains or taking artifacts is strictly prohibited.

Many of the shipwrecks in this ghost fleet remain virtually intact and it’s eerie to see the massive cargo holds of some of the supply carriers still containing tanks, trucks, and airplane engines, not to mention Japanese Saki bottles, china plates and other such things.

Likewise appearing to be frozen in time, are dozens of aircraft strewn across the bottom, and in some cases the cockpit has remained intact, providing the pilots final resting place. 

But over the intervening years these machines of war have been slowly transformed into spectacular reefs teeming with a diversity of marine life. What were initially watery graves and scenes of destruction have morphed into places resplendent with vivid corals and sponges, along with colorful reef fish, and larger pelagic species.  

Truk is an immense atoll that’s crowned with natural beauty. The surrounding outer barrier reef is accented with tiny idyllic islets that are mere spits of sand with a couple coconut palms. There are several volcanic island groups in the central lagoon which are mostly undeveloped. One of these is the capital island of Weno which has the only airport and lodging for tourists.

The land area of Chuuk State is only about 77 square miles, but it’s part of an island nation that spans 1,158,306 square miles of the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Chuuk along with Yap, Pohnpei, and Kosrae, make up the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), which itself is part of the Caroline Islands.

Getting there: Truk Lagoon lies about 750 miles north of Papua New Guinea, 600 miles southeast of Guam and 3,300 miles southwest of Hawaii. Continental Micronesia makes several flights per week between the main population center of Weno, and Guam. There are daily connections to Guam from Tokyo and the United States, and a couple flights a week from Cairns.

Photo credits: Wreck Dives: wjsiv; Map: Google Maps

As part of the Cook Islands in the South Pacific, Atiu is one of 15 islands with a combined land area of only 240 square kilometers (92.7 square miles), but spread across 1.8 million square kilometers (0.7 million square miles) of ocean.

Even though the country spans an area the size of India, it’s population numbers just 16,000 with two-thirds of them living on the island of Rarotonga. The Cook Islands are a self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. They have their own language and enjoy a vigorous and diverse culture that displays significant differences between each island. 

The Cooks were first settled in the 6th century A.D. by Polynesians who migrated from nearby Tahiti which lies to the southeast. The people are friendly, and despite around 100,000 visitors annually to the capital island of Rarotonga, they are largely unspoiled by tourism.

“They offer a rare opportunity for people from the cities of the world to experience a different type of vacation. There are no high-rise hotels, only four beach buggies and very little hype. Ideal for travelers seeking more than the usual clichés associated with the South Seas, each island has its unique qualities and offers the visitor a special experience.”

Atiu itself, with only about 600 people living there, is called the Warriors Island. It’s elevation of 14,500 feet (4500 meters), and beautiful scenery make it an especially good choice for travelers wanting a vacation that involves more than just lying on the beach. 

“Atiu Villas is situated on Atiu Island on the outskirts of the central villages. The site provides a quiet and relaxing environment surrounded by wild tropical gardens and is only a short walk from the white sandy beaches of the southern coastline.”

The villas are unique chalet style structures made almost entirely of local native timbers and materials and feature the polished woods of mango, coconut, Christmas nut, acacia, cedar, java plum and many other tropical trees.

Each villa has a private verandah, cooking facilities, separate bathrooms, tea and coffee making facilities and a fully stocked larder from which guests pay for what they use upon leaving. The larders are well-stocked with dairy food, beverages, packaged and tinned food.

The villas have sleeping configurations that can take from 2 to 6 people. There is plenty of water and each villa has a solar hot water supply. Electricity and water run 24-hours a day. Your hosts will help you organize transportation, tours, and activities.

As I said earlier, getting to Atiu, takes a little effort, but it’s well worth it. Air New Zealand, Air Tahiti and Pacific Blue are the three international carriers that fly into the international airport on Rarotonga. You then fly Air Rarotonga which provides regular domestic service to Atiu.

Because it’s off the beaten path, Saint Croix is one of the more affordable islands in the Caribbean. You’ll not only find great deals on dive packages, but everything else from accommodations, to great places to eat, to transportation, and more, is all very reasonably priced. 

For about 7 miles, the “Wall” runs along the north shore, starting at about 50’ and dropping off to 3200’. It’s only a couple hundred yards offshore making it an easy shore dive, but you’ll also want to do some diving off a boat to explore as much of it as possible. Many locations have mooring buoys to protect the reef from anchoring.

Two of the most popular sites are Northstar and Pavilion, where you’ll see gorgeous sponges – purple tubes, lavender vases, red ropes; several stands of black coral, as well as prolific schools of fishes, including a few bait ball swarms. Don’t forget to peek under the ledges where lobster and large crab can be found hiding. 

Over near Salt River, the location where Columbus landed in 1493, are several sites to the east and west of the reef where it protects the harbor. You’ll find huge coral heads with some small caves and giant swim-throughs. These are just plain fun, and dives there are always going to end way before you can tire of this part of the wall.

There are tons of crevices that provide ample hiding places for large lobster and crab, and by taking your time and looking in and under the ledges, you’ll see them lurking. This area also attracts hawksbill turtles. An especially large one was nonplussed enough with divers to allow us to swim alongside for a good while.

Somewhere on your agenda, be sure and include a dive under the Frederiksted Pier. While most of the premier diving is along the north shore, this west-end location shouldn’t be missed. Especially for macro photographers, it’s a potpourri of goodies.

The pier was built for cruise ship traffic but with their absence over the last few years, it’s become home to a variety of creatures who’ve moved in. In fact it’s got more fish and other critters packed into a smaller area than most anywhere else you’ll visit. Interestingly enough, you’re virtually assured of seeing not just one octopus, but several on any given dive. 

On both the west-end north of the pier, and the northeast side of St. Croix are several wreck sites. All the vessels were made safe before being intentionally sunk, and are shallow enough for most divers. Some penetration is possible, but they don’t require technical diving skills. Most of the sites are sandy bottoms teeming with garden eels, and frequented by southern stingrays.

These wrecks have been submerged long enough to have healthy growth over much of them, yet the structures are still quite visible. Highlighted in the clear water, with the right lighting, they make excellent photo opportunities.  

It’s hard to beat the spectacular diving, or modest prices found in Saint Croix. Seemingly overlooked by most divers and other travelers as well, it’s a piece of “America’s backyard” waiting to be discovered. Do yourself a favor and take a look.

Like so many properties, it had to close down until it could be made habitable for customers once more. They were supposed to have re-opened in 2005, but there’s been no word on that, and I know of several other establishments that shut down for good.

Seaview is a nostalgic place. It’s small, only about 15 rooms, and caters to divers who can hit some of the most fabulous reef anywhere by just stepping off the shore out back. They’ve also got a great deck area surrounding the pool perfect for watching the sun set.

Besides that was a super bar and restaurant called the Naked Fish. It was always crowded with locals who knew where the best eats were, but never took that long to get served. Food was always tasty, especially after a day in the water.

Found the place my first time on island. Was actually staying on the other side of Georgetown at a hotel called Treasure Island Resort. It sits at the start of the famous Seven Mile Beach, and is also a great place but much larger. I always think of the steel band playing during the weekly party night while we drank rum punches.

Anyway, was wandering around the capital of Georgetown where all the cruise ships come in checking out the shops and eats, and went on out the other side of town and found the quieter areas to the south. Definitely not crowded. Just a few homes and two hotels. The first was Sunset House, of Cathy Church Photography fame, and then Seaview just a bit further.

It was night and day compared to Seven-Mile Beach. Completely relaxed and laid back, it set a whole other pace away from all the tourists. I immediately decided to re-locate once my reservation was finished at Treasure Island.

Got lucky because they had a room opening just when I could take it. Now this is nothing fancy mind you. That’s what was so nice. Just basic accommodation, clean and quiet, with most of the guests there to dive their brains out.

Seaview became my hotel of choice when visiting Grand Cayman, and even though it’s mostly a diving crowd, everyone is welcome. Just bear in mind that if it’s fancy hotels and night-life, along with their attendant hustle and bustle, then you’ll want to move on over to the 7-mile area.